Research hotspots of polycystic ovary syndrome and hyperandrogenism from 2008 to 2022: bibliometric analysis.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disorder in female adults, and hyperandrogenism (HA) is the typical endocrine feature of PCOS. This study aims to investigate the trends and hotspots in the study of PCOS and HA. METHODS: Literature on Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 2008 to 2022 was retrieved, and bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. RESULTS: A total of 2,404 papers were published in 575 journals by 10,121 authors from 2,434 institutions in 86 countries. The number of publications in this field is generally on the rise yearly. The US, China and Italy contributed almost half of the publications. Monash University had the highest number of publications, while the University of Adelaide had the highest average citations and the Karolinska Institute had the strongest cooperation with other institutions. Lergo RS contributed the most to the field of PCOS and HA. The research on PCOS and HA mainly focused on complications, adipose tissue, inflammation, granulosa cells, gene and receptor expression. CONCLUSION: Different countries, institutions, and authors should facilitate cooperation and exchanges. This study will be helpful for better understanding the frontiers and hotspots in the areas of PCOS and HA.

Alkylammonium thiostannate inorganic/organic hybrids as high-performance photocatalysts with a decoupled adsorption-photodegradation mechanism.

For traditional photocatalysts, the adsorption and successive surface reaction constitute a coupled and integrated process, owing to the limited number of catalytic active centres available. An attempt to boost the photocatalytic performance to optimize the adsorption and surface reaction process may be performed by exploring various photocatalyst infrastructures. Herein, we use a facile solvothermal method to synthesize a series of layered alkylammonium thiostannate hybrids, namely (baH)2Sn3S7, (haH)2Sn3S7 and (oaH)2Sn3S7 (ba = butylamine, ha = hexylamine, oa = octylamine). The hybrids showed broad UV-visible light absorption with appropriate band gaps. The inorganic/organic amphiphilic infrastructure of these hybrids enables them to exhibit prominent ion-exchange properties for Rhodamine B, with a large capacity over a wide pH range (1-11). And the adsorbed Rhodamine B is photodegraded within 30 minutes. A mechanistic study indicates that the adsorption and photodegradation steps are performed at the organic and inorganic layers within these hybrids, respectively, which are decoupled and independent. We conclude that the high-performance integrated adsorption-photodegradation ability is a consequence of the lipophilicity of intercalated alkylammonium and the photocatalysis performance of the 2D [Sn3S7] n 2n- monolayers.

Layered Inorganic/Organic Hybrid (CdSe) n·Monoamine Nanobelts: Controllable Solvothermal Synthesis, Multiple Stage Amine De-Intercalation Transformation, and Two-Dimensional Exciton Quantum Confinement Effect.

CdSe nanocrystals, including quantum dots and quantum rods, are a research hotspot in nanomaterials. Recently, it has been found that two-dimensional CdSe semiconductor nanobelts show a unique quantum confinement effect owing to their homogeneous nanoscale thickness. In this study, a series of (CdSe) n·monoamine ( n = 1, 2, and 4, monoamine = butylamine, hexylamine, and octylamine) layered inorganic/organic hybrid nanobelts was synthesized by the solvothermal method. These hybrids have a lamellar structure with a few inorganic [CdSe] layers and monoamine layers alternatively stacked along the c axis of their crystallites, which exhibit the typical preferred orientation for layered crystallites and isomorphous [CdSe] layers according to their X-ray diffraction patterns. The [CdSe] layer is a contracted (110) superlattice cell of wurtzite (WZ)-type CdSe with unit cell parameter relations of a ≈ √3 aWZ and b ≈ cWZ, and a lamellar nanobelt morphology with the [010] growth direction. These ordered hybrids exhibit prominent split exciton absorption peaks and sharp band edge luminescence owing to the homogeneous thickness of the [CdSe] layers within the hybrids, all of which are comparable with reported WZ-type CdSe colloidal nanosheets and exhibit a prominent two-dimensional exciton quantum confinement effect. The solvothermal reaction was systematically investigated. The multiple stage amine de-intercalation topotactic process was revealed for the WZ-type CdSe nanobelts with the (CdSe) n·monoamine ( n = 1, 2, and 4) hybrids as the intermediate phases. The solvothermal synthesis method (70-150 °C) is facile and milder than the traditional hot injection method (>200 °C). Therefore, these hybrids can be considered to be intermediate phases or precursors of WZ-type CdSe nanosheets with a topotactic intralayer [CdSe] structure and also a type of multiple quantum well with extremely thin [CdSe] layers orderly stacked among the monoamine insulating blocking layers.

Safe placement of lateral mass screw in the subaxial cervical spine: a case series.

PURPOSE: Laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation has been proven to be an effective method to treat the multilevel cervical degenerative myelopathy and severe cervical spondylosis. However, accurate and safe insertion of the lateral mass screw is technically demanding due to the individual variations of the anatomy of the lateral mass of the subaxial cervical spine. Misplaced lateral mass screw is not uncommon, and operation-related complications still beset the surgeons, which may impair the clinical outcomes. This study aimed to introduce a novel strategy for safe and accurate insertion of lateral mass screw in the subaxial cervical spine. METHODS: From July 2014 to March 2015, 24 patients with multilevel cervical degenerative myelopathy at C3-C6 levels received laminectomy. Before the operation, the screw insertion technique depended on the pre-operative imaging and operative exploration. Following this strategy, the lateral mass screws were inserted into the subaxial cervical spines. Post-operative radiograph was performed to observe the locations of the lateral mass screws and the cervical curvature. Patients were followed up, and the functional neurological recovery was evaluated by the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) disability scale, the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and NDI ranking system. RESULTS: All screws were inserted into the lateral mass of C3-C6 cervical vertebrae following the current technique. Post-operative CT scans confirmed all screws inserted into the safe zone and relative safe zone of the lateral mass without any screw placed into the transverse foramen. The angle between the lateral mass screw and the vertical line was 40.49 ± 5.44 degrees on the axial CT images. Twenty-four patients were followed up for an average of 25.79 months (range, 20-30 months), and 22 cases evaluated as no or mild disability. According to the JOA score, NDI score and NDI ranking system, the postoperative function of the patients was significantly better when compared with their preoperative corresponding data (all p < 0.001) CONCLUSION: Inserting lateral mass screw following this new strategy is safe and easy to perform without any screw-related neurovascular complications, which contribute to the rigid fixation of the subaxial cervical spine and the satisfactory functional recovery.